{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
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   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Introducción a Python: Conceptos básicos para principiantes"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "5e64ee92",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Paso 1: Mostrar texto en la pantalla\n",
    "Para que la computadora muestre un mensaje, usamos la función `print()`.\n",
    "La palabra \"función\" se refiere a un pequeño comando que realiza una tarea específica.\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "5063a0ba",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(\"Hello, world!\")  # This will show the words: Hello, world!"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "204326a4",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Paso 2: Visualización de números\n",
    "También podemos mostrar números en la pantalla:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "220c0c08",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(123)  # This will show the number: 123"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "034bc979",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Paso 3: Combinando texto e información\n",
    "Podemos mostrar texto e información, como nombres o números, juntos.\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "0deb649b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "name = \"Ana\"  # We are saving the name 'Ana' in a box called 'name'\n",
    "age = 25      # We are saving the number 25 in a box called 'age'\n",
    "\n",
    "# Method 1: Using commas to combine them\n",
    "print(\"Hello, my name is\", name, \"and I am\", age, \"years old.\")\n",
    "\n",
    "# Method 2: Using the + sign (we need to convert numbers to text)\n",
    "print(\"Hello, my name is \" + name + \" and I am \" + str(age) + \" years old.\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "31098930",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Paso 4: Obtener la entrada del usuario\n",
    "Para pedirle al usuario que escriba algo, usamos la función `input()`."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "aeba899b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "user_name = input(\"Enter your name: \")  # This asks for the user's name\n",
    "print(\"Hello,\", user_name, \"!\")  # Shows a greeting with the name"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "f82ce808",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Paso 5: Ingresar como texto\n",
    "Importante: Todo lo que el usuario escribe se guarda como texto (incluso si es un número)."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "f9b2b66b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "user_age = input(\"Enter your age: \")  # The user types their age\n",
    "print(\"Your age is:\", user_age)  # Shows the age (but it's still text)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "14b59956",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Paso 6: Convertir texto a números\n",
    "Si queremos hacer cálculos matemáticos con la edad, necesitamos convertir el texto a un número."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "3081aebe",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "In 5 years you will be 11 years old.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "user_age = int(input(\"Enter your age (number): \"))  # int() changes text to a number\n",
    "print(\"In 5 years you will be\", user_age + 5, \"years old.\")  # Now we can add numbers"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "23f1e172",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Paso 8: Ejercicios prácticos\n",
    "¡Ahora te toca a ti! Aquí tienes algunos ejercicios para practicar."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "exercise1",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Ejercicio 1: Saludo con nombre\n",
    "Escriba un programa que solicite el nombre del usuario e imprima un saludo personalizado.\n",
    "For example:\n",
    "```\n",
    "Enter your name: John\n",
    "Hello, John!\n",
    "```"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "exercise2",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Ejercicio 2: Nombre completo\n",
    "Escriba un programa que solicite el nombre y apellido del usuario e imprima su nombre completo."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "exercise3",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Ejercicio 3: Color favorito\n",
    "Escribe un programa que pregunte al usuario su color favorito e imprima un mensaje como:\n",
    "```\n",
    "¡Tu color favorito es el azul!\n",
    "```"
   ]
  }
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